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Number Systems for Digital Audio

This appendix discusses number formats used in digital audio. They are divided into ``linear'' and ``logarithmic.'' Linear number systems include binary integer fixed-point, fractional fixed-point, one's complement, and two's complement fixed-point. The $ \mu$-law format is a popular hybrid between linear and logarithmic amplitude encoding. Floating-point combines a linear mantissa with a logarithmic ``exponent,'' and logarithmic fixed-point can be viewed as a special case of floating-point in which there is no mantissa. This appendix does not cover audio coding methods such as MPEG (MP3) [4,6,49,5] or Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) [9,39,40].



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[How to cite this work] [Order a printed hardcopy]

``Mathematics of the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), with Music and Audio Applications'', by Julius O. Smith III, W3K Publishing, 2003, ISBN 0-9745607-0-7.
Copyright © 2007-02-02 by Julius O. Smith III
Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA),   Stanford University
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