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Other Lp Norms

Since our main norm is the square root of a sum of squares,

$\displaystyle \Vert x\Vert \isdef \sqrt{{\cal E}_x} = \sqrt{\sum_{n=0}^{N-1}\left\vert x_n\right\vert^2}$   $\displaystyle \mbox{(norm of $x$)}$$\displaystyle ,
$

we are using what is called an $ L2$ norm and we may write $ \Vert x\Vert _2$ to emphasize this fact.

We could equally well have chosen a normalized $ L2$ norm:

$\displaystyle \Vert x\Vert _{\tilde{2}} \isdef \sqrt{{\cal P}_x} = \sqrt{\frac{...
...N-1}
\left\vert x_n\right\vert^2} \qquad \mbox{(normalized $L2$\ norm of $x$)}
$

which is simply the ``RMS level'' of $ x$ (``Root Mean Square'').

More generally, the (unnormalized) $ Lp$ norm of $ x\in{\bf C}^N$ is defined as

$\displaystyle \Vert x\Vert _p \isdef \left(\sum_{n=0}^{N-1}\left\vert x_n\right\vert^p\right)^{1/p}.
$

(The normalized case would include $ 1/N$ in front of the summation.) The most interesting $ Lp$ norms are Note that the case $ p=\infty$ is a limiting case which becomes

$\displaystyle \Vert x\Vert _\infty = \max_{0\leq n < N} \left\vert x_n\right\vert.
$


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[How to cite this work] [Order a printed hardcopy]

``Mathematics of the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), with Music and Audio Applications'', by Julius O. Smith III, W3K Publishing, 2003, ISBN 0-9745607-0-7.
Copyright © 2007-02-02 by Julius O. Smith III
Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA),   Stanford University
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