Matrix Filter Representations Next  |  Prev  |  Up  |  Top  |  Index  |  JOS Index  |  JOS Pubs  |  JOS Home  |  Search


Matrix Filter Representations

It is illuminating to look at matrix representations of digital filters.6.7Every linear digital filter can be expressed as a constant matrix $ \mathbf{h}$ multiplying the input signal $ {\underline{x}}$ (the input vector) to produce the output signal (vector) $ \underline{y}$, i.e.,

$\displaystyle \underline{y}= \mathbf{h}{\underline{x}}.
$

For simplicity (in this section only), we will restrict attention to finite-length inputs $ {\underline{x}}^T = [x_0,\ldots,x_{N-1}]$ (to avoid infinite matrices), and the output signal will also be length $ N$. Thus, the filter matrix $ \mathbf{h}$ is a square $ N\times N$ matrix, and the input/output signal vectors are $ N\times 1$ column vectors.

More generally, any finite-order linear operator can be expressed as a matrix multiply. For example, the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) can be represented by the ``DFT matrix'' $ [e^{-j2\pi
kn/N}]$, where the column index $ n$ and row index $ k$ range from 0 to $ N-1$ [83, p. 111].6.8Even infinite-order linear operators are often thought of as matrices having infinite extent. In summary, if a digital filter is linear, it can be represented by a matrix.



Subsections
Next  |  Prev  |  Up  |  Top  |  Index  |  JOS Index  |  JOS Pubs  |  JOS Home  |  Search

[How to cite this work] [Order a printed hardcopy]

``Introduction to Digital Filters with Audio Applications'', by Julius O. Smith III, (August 2006 Edition).
Copyright © 2007-02-02 by Julius O. Smith III
Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA),   Stanford University
CCRMA  [Automatic-links disclaimer]