Making TeX Work

by NormanWalsh
ISBN: 156592-051-1 (out-of-print)
Version 1.0.1
Updated: Fri, 23 Aug 2002



Table of Contents

Forward to the SourceForge Edition
Acknowledgments
Preface
Why Read This Book?
Scope of This Book
Conventions Used in This Book
How to Get TeX
Where Are the Files?
Getting Software Without FTP
Getting Examples From This Book
Versions of TeX
Implementations and Platforms
UNIX
MS-DOS
OS/2
Macintosh
We'd Like to Hear From You
Acknowledgments
I. An Introduction to TeX
1. The Big Picture
What Is TeX?
TeX for Beginners
Boxes and Glue
Control Sequences
Special Characters
Text Formatting Versus Word Processing
What About Desktop Publishing?
What About troff?
What About SGML?
How TeX Works
TeXing a Simple Document
TeXing More Complex Documents
Building a Table of Contents
Figure References
Indexes and Glossaries
Bibliographies
Special Things
2. Editing
What Can an Editor Do?
Quoting Automatically
Matching Braces
Inserting Common Control Sequences
Running TeX Automatically
GNU Emacs
Starting TeX Mode
Typing in Emacs
Running TeX Automatically
aucTeX
Starting aucTeX
Typing in aucTeX
aucTeX Outline Mode
Intelligent Paragraph Reformatting
Multi-file Documents
Running TeX
Finding Errors
Multi-Edit
Setting Up TeX Support
Typing in Multi-Edit
Running TeX
Brief
MicroEMACS
epm: OS/2's Enhanced Editor
Other Tools
TeX as a Compiler
Processing a Document
Spellchecking
ispell
amSpell
Revision Control
TeX Shells
TeXShell
TeXPert
4TeX
PMTeX
TeXit
3. Running TeX
What Do You Run?
What Files Does TeX Need?
Pool Files
Format Files
User Files
The Command Line
Command-line Options
Command-line Cautions
TeX Without Options
What About Errors?
Log Files
Interpreting TeX Error Messages
Naming a File TeX Cannot Find
Misspelling a Control Sequence Name
Failure to Close an Environment
Math Outside of Math Mode
Missing Fonts
Everything Else
The Question Mark Prompt
4. Macro Packages
Installation: Making Format Files
Hyphenation Patterns
General-purpose Formats
Plain TeX
Extended Plain TeX
LaTeX2e Versus LaTeX
LaTeX2e
LaTeX
AMSTeX
AMSLaTeX
Lollipop
TeXinfo
Other Formats
Special-purpose Formats
SliTeX
FoilTeX
Seminar
TeX in Color
Setting Up Color
Using Color
Now I've Got Color, but I Need Black and White!
Color Under LaTeX2e
Color Is Subtle
Further Reading
II. Elements of a Complex Document
5. Fonts
What TeX Needs To Know
Selecting a Font in TeX
Which Character Is Which?
The Issue of Size
Expressing Design Size in TeX
Expressing Magnification in TeX
Standard Magnifications
Where Do TFM Files Come From?
The New Font Selection Scheme
Selecting Fonts with the New Font Selection Scheme
Defining Fonts with NFSS2
Storing Font Definitions
Changing the Defaults
NFSS Pitfalls
PostScript Fonts Under NFSS
Adjustments to Scale
When Things Go Wrong
When TeX Complains
When the DVI Driver Complains
Encoding Vectors
Virtual Fonts
Automatic Font Generation by DVI Drivers
Math Fonts in TeX
Concrete Examples
MetaFont Fonts
PostScript Type 1 Fonts
HP LaserJet Softfonts
TrueType Fonts
6. Pictures and Figures
Different Kinds of Images
Bitmapped Images
Scalable Images
Device Independence Revisited
Using Only TeX
Plain TeX
LaTeX
PiCTeX
XYPic
DraTeX
Using a Little Help
MFPic
Fig2MF
MetaFont
Using a Little More Help
PSTricks
TeXdraw
tpic
Using a Lot of Help
Electronic Cut-and-paste
Scalable Image Formats
Bitmapped Image Formats
Inserting PostScript Images into TeX
Manipulating Images
Image Magick
PBMplus
xv
xloadimage
Image Alchemy
ColorView
Jpeg4
pmjpeg
txt2pcx
Ghostscript
GoScript
hp2xx
Image Editors
xfig
idraw
tgif
bitmap/pixmap
Other Bitmap Editors
texcad/xtexcad
Screen Dumps
7. International Considerations
Typesetting in Any Language
Reading Input Files
Changing the Rules
Printing the Result
The Babel Styles
Building Multilingual Babel Formats
TeX Pitfalls
Very Complex Languages
Japanese
Chinese
Arabic
Hebrew
8. Printing
Printing Fonts
Built-in Fonts
External Fonts
Bitmapped Fonts
Scalable Fonts
Font Printing Pitfalls
Printing Pictures and Figures
Unsolvable Problems
Solvable Problems
Pictures Using Only TeX
MetaFont Figures
Scalable Images
Bitmap Images
Selected Drivers
emTeX Drivers
dvilj2
dvips
DVILASER/HP
DVILASER/PS
PTI Laser/HP and PTI Jet
PTI Laser/PS
dvipsone
9. Previewing
Previewing Under X11
Previewing with xdvi
Previewing with \xtex
Previewing with Ghostscript
Previewing with emTeX
Previewing with dvivga
TeX Preview
dvideo
PTI View
Previewing Under Windows
dvimswin
dviwin
wdviwin
DVIWindo
Previewing on a TTY
dvi2tty
dvgt/dvitovdu
crudetype
10. Online Documentation
Something Is Lost
TeXinfo
\LaTeX2HTML
LameTeX
latex2hy
detex
dvispell
11. Introducing MetaFont
What to Run?
What Files Does MetaFont Need?
Pool Files
Base Files
MetaFont Programs
Command-line Options
Building a Base File
Running MetaFont
Picking a Mode
Selecting a Size
Making a GF Font
Making a PK Font
What About Errors?
Other Errors
Output at Very High Resolutions
Output at Very Low Resolutions
12. Bibliographies, Indexes, and Glossaries
BibTeX
How BibTeX Works
Building a Bibliography Database
Bibliography Styles
Bibliography Database Tools
Tib
Making Indexes
Index Entries
Index Format
Special-purpose styles
Making Glossaries
III. A Tools Overview
13. Non-commercial Environments
Web2C
emTeX
Where to Start
Unpacking the Archives
Setting Up the Environment
Testing the Installation
Installing Fonts
Making emTeX Smaller
Basic Customization
Installing the Beta Test Versions of emTeX
Running emTeX 386 in Windows
Automatic Font Generation with emTeX
Installing emTeX on a Network
texas
sbTeX
gTeX
14. Commercial Environments
µTeX by ArborText
\yyTeX
Textures
TurboTeX
PCTeX
PCTeX For Windows
Scientific Word
15. TeX on the Macintosh
CMacTeX
DirectTeX
OzTeX
Textures
Other Tools
Alpha
BBEdit
BSR Font Tools
Excalibur
HyperBibTeX
MacGS
dvidvi
MacDVIcopy
MacBibTeX
MacMakeIndex
16. TeX Utilities
List of Tools
A. Filename Extension Summary
B. Font Samples
Font Encodings
Font Samples
C. Resources
TUG: The TeX Users Group
Other User Groups
TeX Software
TeX Shells
Editors
Macro Packages (Formats)
Styles and Macros
Styles That Produced This Book
Utilities
Miscellaneous
D. Long Examples
E. GNU Free Documentation License
0. PREAMBLE
1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
2. VERBATIM COPYING
3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
4. MODIFICATIONS
5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
8. TRANSLATION
9. TERMINATION
10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
How to use this License for your documents
Bibliography

List of Figures

1.1. The Letters g and h inside their boxes.
1.2. Example figure produced by both TeX and troff
1.3. A high-level view of TeX
1.4. High-level view of TeX including more detail
1.5. TeXing a More Complex Document
2.1. Extension setup in Multi-Edit
2.2. LaTeX as a compiler in Multi-Edit
2.3. Editing a file with MicroEMACS
2.4. Microsoft Windows online help for LaTeX
2.5. Editing a TeX document with epm under OS/2
2.6. Edit settings control word delimiters
2.7. Spellchecking a document with amSpell
2.8. TeXShell
2.9. TeXPert
2.10. 4TeX
2.11. PMTeX
2.12. TeXit
4.1. Sample page
4.2. Plain TeX Input
4.3. LaTeX2e Input
4.4. LaTeX Input File
4.5. AMSTeX Input File
4.6. AMS sample page
4.7. Lollipop Input File
4.8. TeXinfo Input
4.9. TeXinfo sample page
4.10. Online documentation produced by MakeInfo
4.11. Caffeine by ChemTeX
4.12. The ChemTeX Source for Caffeine
4.13. A lithium cation rendered by ChemStruct
4.14. The ChemStruct Source for the Lithium Cation
4.15. A little Mozart…
4.16. The MusicTeX Source for Figure
5.1. fi as two characters and as a ligature
5.2. We unkerned and kerned
5.3. The Computer Modern Roman letter R at 150pt: (a) from a 5pt design; (b) from a 17pt design
5.4. How TeX uses a virtual font
6.1. An example diagram in Plain TeX
6.2. A parallelogram in LaTeX
6.3. A figure created with (a) epic, and (b) eepic
6.4. Several bezier curves created with the LaTeX bezier style
6.5. Sample diagrams using PiCTeX
6.6. An XYPic diagram
6.7. An DraTeX diagram
6.8. A PostScript bounding box example
6.9. An example of an encapsulated figure
6.10. Another example of an encapsulated figure (resized and rotated)
6.11. Editing an image with xfig
6.12. Editing an image with idraw
6.13. Editing an image with tgif
6.14. An example of bitmap editing an icon
6.15. A text mode screen dump.
7.1. Character mapping example
7.2. Poor Man's Japanese
7.3. \jemtex sample
7.4. Arabic text typeset with ArabTeX
7.5. Hebrew
8.1. Resolution of the bitmap and the device changed simultaneously
8.2. Resolution of the bitmap changed while device held constant
8.3. Previewing and printing with emTeX
9.1. How Previewing with xdvi Works
9.2. Previewing with xdvi
9.3. How Previewing with xtex Works
9.4. Previewing with xtex
9.5. Previewing with Ghostview
9.6. Previewing with emTeX's dviscr
9.7. Previewing with emTeX's dvipm
9.8. Previewing with dvivga
9.9. Previewing with ArborText's Previewer
9.10. Previewing with TurboTeX dvideo (using limited selection of fonts)
9.11. Previewing with Personal TeX's Previewer
9.12. Previewing with dvimswin
9.13. Previewing with dviwin
9.14. Previewing with TurboTeX's wdviwin
9.15. Previewing with Y&Y's DVIWindo
9.16. DVIWindo preview much enlarged
9.17. Previewing with dvgt under Tektronix 4010 emulation
10.1. TeXinfo sample page
10.2. Online documentation produced by MakeInfo
11.1. A figure eight created with MetaFont
12.1. Editing an article entry with \program{bibview}
12.2. Editing an article entry with \program{xbibtex}
12.3. Editing an article entry with \program{bibdb}
14.1. The PCTeX menu system
14.2. PCTeX For Windows editing and previewing a LaTeX document
14.3. PCTeX For Windows TrueType font metric builder
14.4. Editing a document with Scientific Word
14.5. Preview of the Scientific Word document shown in Figure
15.1. Editing, previewing, and typesetting in Textures
15.2. Alpha editing the fonts chapter from this book
15.3. \program{BBEdit} editing the fonts chapter from this book
15.4. \program{Excalibur} spellchecking the fonts chapter from this book
15.5. The \program{Hyper\BibTeX} view of a bibliographic database

List of Tables

1.
1.1. Special Characters in Plain TeX
1.2. How to Typeset Special Characters
2.1. aucTeX Math Operators in Mathematics Minor-mode
2.2. TeX Modes of Interaction
3.1.
5.1. Standard Weight and Width Designations
5.2. Weight and Width Are Combined to Form Series
5.3. Standard Abbreviations of Font Shape
5.4. User-level Font Selection Control Sequences in NFSS2
5.5. Encoding Schemes Supported by NFSS2
5.6. Default Fonts
5.7.
6.1. Graphics Manipulation Packages
6.2. Graphics Editing Packages
7.1. Standard Control Sequences for Symbols from Other Character Sets
7.2. New Control Sequences Proposed by TWGMLC
7.3. Language Switch Macros Proposed by TUG
8.1. Common DVI Drivers
8.2. Other \protect\dvilaserhp Utilities
8.3. Other \protect\dvilaserps Utilities
8.4. Other dvipsone Utilities
9.1. Common Previewers
9.2. TeX Preview Utilities
9.3. DVIWindo Utilities
11.1. Some Popular MetaFont Fonts on the CTAN Archives
12.1. Types of Entries with Required and Optional Fields
13.1. Summary of the \protect\emTeX Distribution
13.2. Fonts Libraries Available for \protect\emTeX on CTAN
13.3. Other \protect\emTeX Executables
13.4. The Beta Test Files for \protect\emTeX
14.1. TurboTeX Programs
14.2. Turbo\protect\TeX \protect\MF Programs
15.1. Summary of the \protect\cmactex Distribution at CTAN
15.2. Summary of the \protect\oztex Distribution at CTAN
15.3. Font Tools in the BSR package
16.1. The Public Doman DVI Driver Family
16.2. RTF Translators
16.3. Additional Scripts in PS Utils
B.1. The Computer Modern Roman Font Encoding
B.2. The Computer Modern Math Italic Font Encoding
B.3. The Cork Font Encoding
B.4. The Adobe Standard Font Encoding

List of Examples

1.1. An Example of a TeX Document
1.2. A typical bibliography database entry
2.1. A Simple Driver File
2.2. Local Variables in an Emacs Buffer
2.3. A Contrived Error
2.4. Revision Control Macros for TeX Documents Using RCS}
3.1. The Document BADFONT.TEX
5.1. Font-shape Declaration with NFSS2
5.2. Font-shape declaration with NFSS2 (simplified)
5.3. The PStoTeXfont script
6.1. The Input for the Plain TeX Diagram
6.2. The LaTeX Input for
6.3. The epic Input for
6.4. The Input for
6.5. PiCTeX Input for
6.6. The XYPic Input for
6.7. The DraTeX Input for
6.8. Converting Encapsulated PostScript to a Bitmap with Ghostscript
6.9. Script for Inserting a Captured Text Screen
7.1. {A Sample Multilingual Document Using English and French}
10.1. TeXinfo Commands
11.1. The Code for the Figure Eight
12.1. A Sample BibTeX entry
12.2. A Tib style database entry
D.1. MakeTeXPK.pl
D.2. MakeTeXTFM.pl
D.3. dvidxx.btm
D.4. makepk.btm
D.5. enc-afm.pl
D.6. TeXtoXfont
D.7. PStoXfont
D.8. txt2verb.pl