symbols
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
Z
L
- L character
- meaning in field or method descriptor, 101
- L<classname>;
- meaning in field or method descriptor, 101
- l2d instruction
- definition, 306
- l2f instruction
- definition, 307
- ladd instruction
- compilation examples, operand stack operations, 386
- definition, 309
- laload instruction
- definition, 310
- land instruction
- definition, 311
- lastore instruction
- definition, 312
- lcmp instruction
- definition, 313
- lconst_<l> instructions
- compilation examples
- accessing the runtime constant pool, 371
- operand stack operations, 386
- definition, 314
- ldc instruction
- compilation examples, accessing the runtime constant pool, 371
- constraints, static, 135
- definition, 315
- ldc_w instruction
- constraints, static, 135
- definition, 316
- ldc2_w instruction
- compilation examples
- accessing the runtime constant pool, 371
- constants and local variables in a for loop, 367
- while loop, 373, 374
- constraints, static, 135
- definition, 317
- ldiv instruction
- definition, 318
- left angle bracket <
- in CONSTANT_Methodref_info and CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref_info names, significance of, 106
- left parentheses (
- meaning in method descriptor, 102
- left square bracket [
- meaning in field or method descriptor, 101
- length item
- (CONSTANT_Utf8_info structure), 111
- (LocalVariableTable_attribute structure), 131
- limitations
- Java virtual machine, 152
- line_number item
- (line_number_table array of LineNumberTable_attribute structure), 129
- line_number_table array
- (LineNumberTable_attribute structure), 130
- line_number_table_length item
- (LineNumberTable_attribute structure), 130
- LineNumberTable_attribute structure
- (attributes table of Code_attribute structure), 129
- LinkageError
- definition, 49, 50
- as unrecoverable runtime exception class, 44
- verification pass 4 occurrence of, 143
- linking
- See also binding; preparation; resolution; verification
- (chapter), 155
- class files verification issues, 140
- definition, 49, 164
- dynamic, frame use for, 71
- errors
- IllegalAccessError, 45
- InstantiationError, 45
- LinkageError, as unrecoverable runtime exception class, 45
- LinkageError, loading errors thrown by, 49
- LinkageError, verification errors thrown by, 50
- LinkageError, verification pass 4 occurrence, 143
- NoSuchFieldError, 45
- NoSuchMethodError, 45
- overview, 47
- unrecoverable runtime exceptions associated with, 44
- literals
- See also constants; strings; variables
- definition, 6
- false, 6
- null, 6
- strings, resolution of, 157
- true, 6
- lload instruction
- definition, 319
- lload_<n> instructions
- definition, 320
- lmul instruction
- definition, 321
- lneg instruction
- definition, 322
- loadClass method
- ClassLoader class, loading of classes and interfaces by, 161
- loading
- See also class loader; linking; verification
- (chapter), 155
- class or interface, 158
- class or interface, errors
- ClassCircularityError, 164
- IncompatibleClassChange- Error, 164
- NoClassDefFoundError, 160, 163
- constraints, 162
- definition, 48
- delegation, 159
- from arrays of type
- byte or boolean, baload, 188
- char, caload, 191
- double, daload, 200
- float, faload, 230
- int, iaload, 261
- long, laload, 308
- reference, aaload, 175
- short, saload, 354
- from local variables of type
- double, dload, 207
- double, dload_<n>, 208
- float, fload, 237
- float, fload_<n>, 238
- int, iload, 274
- int, iload_<n>, 275
- long, lload, 319
- long, lload_<n>, 320
- reference, aload, 179
- reference, aload_<n>, 180
- overview, 46
- unrecoverable runtime exceptions associated with, 44
- local_variable_table array
- (LocalVariableTable_attribute structure), 131
- local_variable_table_length item
- (LocalVariableTable_attribute structure), 131
- local variables
- See also parameters; variables
- accessing, structural constraints on instructions, 138
- code verification, Pass 3 - bytecode verifier, 143
- compilation examples, 365
- data-flow analysis, 142
- definition, 14, 72
- exception handling impact on, 79
- instructions
- for accessing more, summary, 83
- load and store, summary, 83
- specialized to handle, advantages of, 366
- loading from
- double, dload, 207
- double, dload_<n>, 208
- float, fload, 237
- float, fload_<n>, 238
- int, iload, 274
- int, iload_<n>, 275
- long, lload, 319
- long, lload_<n>, 320
- reference, aload, 179
- reference, aload_<n>, 180
- location of, 131
- maximum number, 121
- reuse, advantages of, 366
- states, merging, during data-flow analysis, 145
- storing into
- double, dstore, 215
- double, dstore_<n>, 216
- float, fstore, 245
- float, fstore_<n>, 246
- int, istore, 299
- int, istore_<n>, 300
- long, lstore, 330
- long, lstore_<n>, 331
- reference, astore, 184
- reference, astore_<n>, 185
- LocalVariableTable_attribute structure
- (Code_attribute structure), 130
- locks
- See also IllegalMonitorStateException; monitors; threads
- (chapter), 397
- ACC_SYNCHONIZED flag, field_info structure, 114
- definition, 12, 59
- errors, IllegalMonitorStateException thrown, 44
- interaction with variables, rules about, 403
- managing shared variables with, 31
- multithreaded synchronization with, 60
- rules about, 402
- structured use of, 413
- synchronization and, 412
- synchronized method use of, 33
- long type
- adding, ladd, 309
- ANDing, bitwise, land, 311
- comparing, lcmp, 313
- constant, CONSTANT_Long_info structure representation, syntax and item descriptions, 108
- converting
- double to, d2l, 197
- float to, f2l, 227
- int to, i2l, 258
- to double, l2d, 306
- to float, l2f, 307
- to int, l2i, 308
- definition, 62
- dividing, ldiv, 318
- loading
- from arrays, laload, 310
- from local variables, lload, 319
- from local variables, lload_<n>, 320
- multiplying, lmul, 321
- negating, lneg, 322
- ORing
- bitwise, exclusive, lxor, 334
- bitwise, inclusive, lor, 325
- pushing
- constants, lconst_<l>, 314
- wide index, ldc2_w, 317
- remainder, lrem, 326
- returning from method invocation, lreturn, 327
- shift left, lshl, 328
- shift right
- arithmetic, lshr, 329
- logical, lushr, 333
- storing into
- arrays, lastore, 312
- local variables, lstore, 330
- local variables, lstore_<n>, 331
- subtracting, lsub, 332
- value range, 63
- lookupswitch instruction
- See also tableswitch instruction
- code array alignment effect, 121
- compilation examples, compiling switches, 385
- constraints, static, 134
- definition, 323
- lor instruction
- definition, 325
- low_bytes item
- (CONSTANT_Double_info structure), 108
- (CONSTANT_Long_info structure), 108
- lrem instruction
- definition, 326
- lreturn instruction
- compilation examples, operand stack operations, 386
- constraints, structural, 138
- definition, 327
- lshl instruction
- definition, 328
- lshr instruction
- definition, 329
- lstore instruction
- constraints, static, 136
- definition, 330
- lstore_<n> instructions
- compilation examples, accessing the runtime constant pool, 371
- constraints, static, 136
- definition, 331
- lsub instruction
- definition, 332
- lushr instruction
- definition, 333
- lxor instruction
- definition, 334
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The JavaTM Virtual Machine Specification
Copyright © 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
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